Wednesday, March 2, 2011

Yes, It Could Happen Here :Madawi Al-Rasheed

"We are not Tunisia," "We are not Egypt," "We are not Libya," (and perhaps in a month's time, "We are not the Arab world") have become well-rehearsed refrains of official Saudi political rhetoric in recent weeks.

•Yes, It Could Happen Here
Why Saudi Arabia is ripe for revolution.
In the age of Arab revolutions, will Saudis dare to honor Facebook calls for anti-government demonstrations on March 11? Will they protest at one of Jeddah's main roundabouts? Or will they start in Qatif, the eastern region where a substantial Shiite majority has had more experience in real protest? Will Riyadh remain cocooned in its cloak of pomp and power, hidden from public gaze in its mighty sand castles?
Saudi Arabia is ripe for change. Despite its image as a fabulously wealthy realm with a quiescent, apolitical population, it has similar economic, demographic, social, and political conditions as those prevailing in its neighboring Arab countries. There is no reason to believe Saudis are immune to the protest fever sweeping the region.

Saudi Arabia is indeed wealthy, but most of its young population cannot find jobs in either the public or private sector. The expansion of its $430 billion economy has benefited a substantial section of the entrepreneurial elite -- particularly those well connected with the ruling family -- but has failed to produce jobs for thousands of college graduates every year. This same elite has resisted employing expensive Saudis and contributed to the rise in local unemployment by hiring foreign labor. Rising oil prices since 2003 and the expansion of state investment in education, infrastructure, and welfare, meanwhile, have produced an explosive economy of desires.

Like their neighbors, Saudis want jobs, houses, and education, but they also desire something else. Since the overthrow of Saddam Hussein's regime in Iraq in 2003, they have expressed their political demands in their own way, through petitions that circulated and were signed by hundreds of activists and professionals, men and women, Sunnis, Shiites, and Ismailis. Reformers petitioned King Abdullah to establish an elected consultative assembly to replace the 120-member appointed Consultative Council Saudis inherited from King Fahd. Political organizers were jailed and some banned from travel to this day. The "Riyadh spring" that many reformers anticipated upon King Abdullah's accession in 2005 was put on hold while torrential rain swept away decaying infrastructure and people in major cities. Rising unemployment pushed the youth toward antisocial behavior, marriages collapsed, the number of bachelors soared, and the number of people under the poverty line increased in one of the wealthiest states of the Arab world. Today, nearly 40 percent of Saudis ages 20 to 24 are unemployed.

Meanwhile, scandal after scandal exposed the level of corruption and nepotism in state institutions. Princes promised to establish investigative committees, yet culprits were left unpunished. Criticism of the king and top ruling princes remained taboo, and few crossed the red line surrounding the substantial sacrosanct clique that monopolizes government posts from defense to sports. The number of political prisoners and prisoners of conscience swelled Saudi prisons. Under the pretext of the war on terror, the Saudi regime enjoyed a free hand. The interior minister, Prince Nayef, and his son and deputy, Prince Mohammed, rounded up peaceful activists, bloggers, lawyers, and academics and jailed them for extended periods. Saudis watched in silence while the outside world either remained oblivious to abuses of human rights or turned a blind eye in the interests of oil, arms, and investment.

"We are not Tunisia," "We are not Egypt," "We are not Libya," (and perhaps in a month's time, "We are not the Arab world") have become well-rehearsed refrains of official Saudi political rhetoric in recent weeks. There is some truth in this: Carrots are often the currency of loyalty in oil-rich countries, including its wealthiest kingdom. But the Saudi royal family uses plenty of sticks, too. Public relations firms in Riyadh, Washington, and London ensure that news of the carrots travels as far as possible, masking unpleasant realities in one of the least transparent and most authoritarian regimes in the Persian Gulf. What cannot be hidden anymore is the political, economic, and social problems that oil has so far failed to address.

When Saudis were poor and lagged behind the world in education, aspirations, and infrastructure, oil was the balm that healed all social wounds. The wave of coups d'état that swept the Arab world in the 1950s and 1960s did not make much impression on Saudis, despite some agitation here and there. Few Saudis were impressed by the effervescence of Arab revolutionary or liberation movements. At the time, most Saudis lacked the education or inclination to question their government, apart from a handful of activists and agitators, including a couple of princes. By the 1970s, oil wealth was developing their taste for the consumer economy and the pleasures of cars, planes, running water, air-conditioning, and sunglasses. Political participation wasn't part of the package.

Today, oil remains abundant, but Saudis are different. They enjoy more consumption and liquidity than others in the Arab world, but less than those in neighboring Qatar, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates. Saudis are today looking for something else. They are young -- youth under 30 account for two-thirds of the Saudi population -- educated, connected, and articulate. Above all, they are familiar with the global discourse of democracy, freedom, entitlement, empowerment, transparency, accountability, and human rights that has exploded in the face of authoritarian regimes in the Arab world since January. They watch satellite channels like Al Jazeera and eagerly consume news from uprisings around the region.

So far young Saudis have occupied their own "Liberation Square" on a virtual map. In the 1990s their exiled Islamist opposition used the fax machine to bombard the country with messages denouncing the leadership and calling for a return to pristine Islam. Later, a wider circle of politicized and nonpoliticized young Saudis ventured into Internet discussion boards, chat rooms, blogs, and more recently Facebook and Twitter to express themselves, mobilize, and share grievances. These virtual spaces have become natural homes for both dissenting voices and government propaganda. Recently the king's private secretary and chief of the royal court, Khaled al-Tuwaijri, launched his own Facebook page.

Saudis thought that they were safe in their virtual world, but the regime has been determined to trace each and every word and whisper that challenges its version of reality. Young bloggers, writers, and essayists have been jailed for asking simple questions like: Who is going to be king after Abdullah? Where is oil wealth going? Who is responsible for corruption scandals associated with arms deals? Why do the king and crown prince take turns leaving the country? Why are Abdullah's so-called reforms thwarted by his brother Prince Nayef? And who is the real ruler of Saudi Arabia? All unanswered taboo questions.

Like other falling Arab regimes before them, the ruling Al-Saud will inevitably seek to scare the population by raising the spectre of al Qaeda and warning against tribal, regional, and sectarian disintegration. They will try to thwart political change before it starts. Saudis may not believe the scaremongers. The command centers of the Arab revolutions today are not the caves of Tora Bora or Riyadh's shabby al-Suwaidi neighborhood, where jihadists shot BBC journalist Frank Gardner and his cameraman in 2004. They are the laptops of a young, connected, knowledgeable, but frustrated generation that is rising against the authoritarian public and private families that have been crushing the individual in the pursuit of illusions and control.

Yes, Egypt was key to the coming change, but when Saudis rise they will change the face of the Arab world and its relations with the West forever. Now is the time for the United States and its allies to understand that the future does not lie with the old clique that they have tolerated, supported, and indulged in return for oil, security, and investment. At a time of shifting Arabian sands, it is in the interest of America and the rest of the world to side with the future not the past.

Do not miss the Qu'osby Show

Daily Show: Mandvi - Allah in the Family
Aasif Mandvi hopes to change America's perceptions of Muslims by starring in the Qu'osby Show.

Do not miss

Daily Show: Mandvi - Allah in the Family

اضحك مع جون ستيوارت حتى الثمالة،

ما هو العمل لكي نحبب المسلم للعالم الغير مسلم، جون ستيوارت وجد العلة والدواء

http://www.thedailyshow.com/watch/thu-february-17-2011/allah-in-the-family

Facebook friends rally in Morocco : Ilhem Rachidi

RABAT, Morocco - Slogans like these have been shouted throughout the week in Morocco in a series of protests led by a group of youngsters who met on Facebook and call themselves the "Feb 20 movement for change".

If the political climate in Morocco is not the same as in Egypt and Tunisia, the social one is similar, according to members of the movement.


Corruption in recent years has increased, disparities between rich and poor remain, and as in Tunisia and Egypt, the unemployment rate is high, especially among the youth.

According to Oxford University professor Michael Willis, Morocco needs to rapidly initiate new reforms to stave off further discontent. "After what has happened in the last two months, anything could happen anywhere. It is less likely in Morocco, but all the ingredients are there," he says.

"There is the head of state who has been here for a shorter period of time. There is the feeling that in Morocco things have changed, unlike in other countries in the last decade. There is a memory than things have changed," Willis says. " However, the pace has slowed during the last five or six years and probably stopped. If the reform process doesn't start moving again, Morocco will build up problems for itself."

Morocco's Feb 20 movement was born on Facebook about a month ago. The revolution in Tunisia prompted these youngsters who had never met to organize a march calling for profound change in the kingdom. They agreed on a day to march across the country: February 20.

Left-wing militants, youngsters from various political parties, as well as Islamists united for peaceful marches in large cities including the capital Rabat, Casablanca, Marrakesh, Agadir, Tangiers, as well as smaller ones like Sefrou, Larache and Al Hoceima. Tens of thousands of people took part.

Feb 20 local groups have now spread to all major cities. In Rabat, though the group leaders are hardly more than 20 years of age, its name is on everyone's lips.

The Internet permitted them to meet and to reach out to tens of thousands of people with a now famous video in which 14 Moroccans of different origins explained why they planned to attend the march. The video cost about 50 dirhams (about US$7), Aballagh now jokes. They also exchanged thoughts online with fellow Tunisian militants before January's revolution.

"We helped them. We gave them advice to get round censorship, to spread information," says Falah. "Now Tunisians and Egyptians give us advice to avoid violence during demonstrations," adds Aballagh, in a discussion following a sit-in in Rabat.

A week after the march, protests were still taking place across the country. On Sunday, in the last of a series of sit-ins, hundreds of people showed up early at Bab el Had in Rabat, while dozens stopped just to get a glimpse of the event. About 400 militants chanted slogans against the media and police repression and urging other Moroccans to join them for real change in Morocco. State television was booed when its cameraman approached to film the event.

Feb 20 leaders announced on Sunday that weekly protests were planned for March. They insisted they should keep the momentum and, in the context of events in the wider region, had an historical opportunity for change that could not be missed.

This week will be a test for the movement, which has been highly criticized and at times repressed. Several militants from the movement and supporting human-rights organizations were hit and wounded by police forces during similar sit-ins last week.

According to the political party leaders, about 60 organizations now back the movement, including the Moroccan Association for Human Rights, the anti-globalization non-governmental organization Attac in Morocco, a few small left-wing political parties and trade unions.

اختراق صفحة على فيسبوك تدعو للإطاحة بالعائلة الحاكمة في قطر


شاع استخدام فيسبوك من قبل الشباب العربي للدعو إلى ثورات في بلادهم
تم اختراق صفحة انشأها ناشطون على فيسبوك تدعو للإطاحة بالعائلة الحاكمة في قطر، حيث تغير محتواها وبدأت في نشر مواد تدعم أمير قطر وتمجد حكمه.

وكانت الصفحة الأصلية المسماة "ثورة الحرية" قد حددت يوم 16 من مارس/ آذار الجاري موعدا للتظاهر ضد الحكم في قطر.

موضوعات ذات صلةمختارات، الخليجلكن "المخترقين" وضعوا على الصفحة مقطع فيديو من موقع يوتيوب يصف ما سماه بحقيقة الدعوة إلى التظاهر.

ويشير الفيديو إلى أن صفحة الفيسبوك قد صممت من قبل اشخاص "غير قطريين يكرهون أهل قطر".

ويضيف الفيديو أن هذا الأمر، أي انشاء الصفحة من قبل أشخاص يكرهون القطريين، استلزم اختراقها.

وتظهر احدى الصور التي يتضمنها الفيديو أمير قطر حمد بن خليفة آل ثاني وهو يقف إلى جانب فرس أبيض اللون.

وقد استطاعت هذه الصفحة حتى الآن اجتذاب حوالي 33800 مناصر، لكن لم يتضح إذا ما كان كل اعضائها من قطر أم لا.

وقد طالب المشرف على الصفحة الاعضاء غير القطريين بعدم المشاركة فيها.

وقال في رسالة بثها على الصفحة "على كل اجنبي كاره لقطر ولأميرها الخروج من هذه الصفحة، واتحداكم أن (تروني) أي قطري مؤيد للثورة".

وقد ظهرت الصفحة الداعية للتظاهر في 16 مارس/ آذار على شبكة الانترنت بعد دعوة سابقة على فيسبوك لخروج مظاهرات في قطر في 27 فبراير/ شباط الماضي.

لكن صفحة 27 فبراير لم تحظ بالكثير من التأييد ولا يمكن الوصول إليها حاليا.

Full interview with Col Gaddafihttp://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12607478

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12607478

السلطان قابوس يمارس صلاحيات مطلقة في دولة تحظر فيها الأحزاب السياسية

قابوس ثامن سلاطين البوسعيديعد السلطان قابوس بن سعيد ثامن سلاطين أسرة البوسعيد، وهو ينحدر رأسا من سلالة المؤسس الأول للدولة البوسعيدية الإمام أحمد بن سعيد، وقد وصل إلى السلطة عام 1970 بعد انقلاب على والده سعيد بن تيمور، وهو بذلك يعد ثاني أقدم زعيم عربي على قيد الحياة، حيث قضى في الحكم حتى الآن 41 عاما.

النشأة والتعليم
كان السلطان قابوس -المولود في مدينة صلالة بمحافظة ظفار في 18 نوفمبر/تشرين الثاني سنة 1940- الابن الوحيد لوالده سعيد بين تيمور وتلقى دروسه الابتدائية والثانوية في صلالة والهند.

في العام 1958 أرسله والده إلى إنجلترا حيث أمضى عامين في مؤسسة تعليمية خاصة قبل أن يلتحق عام 1960 بأكاديمية "ساندهيرست" العسكرية الملكية ضابطا مرشحا، ليتخرج بعد عامين برتبة ملازم ثان. كما درس لمدة عام في مجال نظم الحكم المحلي وأكمل دورات تخصصية في شؤون الإدارة وتنظيم الدولة قبل أن يعود إلى صلالة عام 1964.

الحياة الشخصية
المعلومات حول الحياة الشخصية للسلطان قابوس غير متوفرة كثيرا، لكن بعض المصادر تقول إنه تزوج في السبعينيات من بنت عمه السيد طارق بن تيمور الذي كان رئيسا لمجلس الوزراء آنذاك، ثم طلقها بعد ذلك، كما عقد قرانه على ابنة الشيخ محمد بن أحمد الحارثي، أحد شيوخ المنطقة الشرقية بعمان، لكن مصير هذا الزواج غير معروف للعامة على الأقل.

توليه الحكم
شهد عهد والده سعيد بن تيمور (1932-1974) ثورتين ضده، الأولى سميت ثورة الجبل الأخضر وقامت في الفترة من 1955 إلى 1964 وانتهت بإخمادها ونفي زعيمها الإمام غالب الهنائي إلى السعودية ليعلن هناك عن تشكيل حكومة باسم "دولة عمان".

أما الثورة الثانية فسميت بثورة ظفار واستمرت من الفترة 1965 إلى 1975، وأخمدها قابوس نفسه بعد خمس سنوات من توليه الحكم، ليقوم بتوحيد البلاد تحت اسم "سلطنة عمان".

كان السلطان قابوس عند توليه الحكم من أصغر الزعماء العرب سنا، لكنه كان ذا ثقافة عالية، حيث سعى منذ تولى الحكم إلى تعميق علاقات السلطنة بالدول العربية والأجنبية، وأنهى عزلة البلاد واستخدم عائداتها النفطية للتحديث.

وصارت عمان في بداية عهده عضوا في حركة عدم الانحياز، لذلك فهي تلتزم عادة سياسة الحياد، فلا تتدخل في النزاعات بين جيرانها أو النزاعات الخارجية الدولية، غير أنها تحتفظ بعلاقات صداقة مع الدول العربية ودول العالم عامة، وتربطها علاقات عسكرية وسياسية قوية بواشنطن.

ويمارس السلطان قابوس صلاحيات مطلقة في السلطنة التي يحظر فيها إنشاء الأحزاب السياسية، وهو الذي يعين الحكومة، علما بأنه أنشأ مجلس شورى منتخبا يتألف من 84 عضوا.

من المظاهرات العمانية الأخيرة (الجزيرة نت)
مطالب الإصلاح
تعد عمان عامة بلدا هادئا، وهي تعيش في شبه عزلة سياسية قبل أن تتحرك فيها الاحتجاجات على وقع الثورات الشعبية التي اندلعت في العالم العربي مع مطلع العام 2011.

ففي 17 يناير/كانون الثاني 2011 تحرك المئات في العاصمة مسقط للمطالبة بتحسين الدخل ولجم ارتفاع أسعار السلع وتكاليف المعيشة، وانتظرت الحكومة نحو شهر لترد على هذه المسيرة السلمية برفع الحد الأدنى لأجور القوى العاملة الوطنية في القطاع الخاص.

لكن الاحتجاجات لم تتوقف، ففي 18 فبراير/شباط نظمت مجموعة من المدونين العمانيين مسيرة سلمية ثانية شارك فيها 300 شخص بينهم نساء، رددوا هتافات تطالب بمحاربة الفساد المالي والإداري وغلاء الأسعار وبتحقيق العدالة الاجتماعية.

وحاول السلطان قابوس تهدئة التوترات فأجرى تعديلا وزاريا، لكن هذا لم يكن كافيا لتهدئة الأمور، فبعد نحو أسبوع نظم مواطنون في ولاية صحار شمال العاصمة مظاهرات تواصلت حتى يوم 27 فبراير/شباط وتحولت إلى أحداث عنف سقط فيها قتيل، حسب المصادر الرسمية، في حين تحدثت مصادر أخرى عن عدد أكبر من القتلى فضلا عن عدة جرحى.

وفي رد فعله إزاء هذه التطورات قرر قابوس إيفاد وزير الديوان لولاية صحار للقاء مجموعة من المحتجين والاستماع إلى مطالبهم، كما أصدر قرارا بتوفير 50 ألف فرصة عمل للمواطنين في السلطنة لعل وعسى أن تتوقف الاحتجاجات عند هذا الحد.